The article deals with scientific and organizational results of the International scientific and practical conference - XXXI session of the Scientific Council in education history and pedagogy of the Russian Academy of Education “A Teacher and the Formation Process: historical experience of education and culture transfer”, which took place on 6-7 June 2016 in the Tver State University.

The article represents the sociolinguistic and historic and pedagogicanalysis of the concept “school”, represents some views on school as an educational institution, describes the etymology of the term and characterizes the basic approaches to its definition.

The intercultural work is one of the signs of the modern culture, when the harmonious development is possible only in cooperation of various cultures. Meeting the social, political and economic demands of the modern society, education should solve the issue of intercultural education. The goal of the intercultural education is to form a democratic and tolerant intercultural personality who keeps one’s own culture but understands and accepts other cultures and has enough competence for adequate actions in the situations of intercultural communication. In the conditions of the youth subculture of a university in the process of students’ intercultural work mutual influence and interference of cultures take place. Such acculturation let society members join and comprehend various cultures oriented at the other and ready for the dialogue. Cultural and social values are a great means of critical thinking, reflection of the intercultural work. The language and linguistic competences are a value in the experience of the intercultural work, one’s own culture as a whole: communicative culture, speech, mental work.

The article represents the statements of the Non-classical education regarding the transition to the person-centred paradigm aimed at the establishment of a converting and creating personality in the conditions of the changing world. The implementation of the human quality model projectcombines the purposeful approach, which is aimed at the national culture of a local civilization, and the system genetic approach, that focuses on the existential problems of a person and the ideology of the noospheric study.

The article represents the thematic analysis of grammar school students’ essays that were read and discussed at literature talks in the 1840-1860s. The statistics are illustrated by the examples of essays’ themes found in the archives. The basic tendencies for thematic changes in this period are determined; the influence of official orders on them is found out.

The article deals with the potential of the health care space of a higher school as one of the key conditions of implementation of the continuous pedagogic education.

The article represents the research results regarding the dynamics of methodological competences developmentin the process of professional establishment. Based on the methodology founded on the competence, system and activity approaches, it deals with the evaluation and features of development of the essential and process aspects of the methodological competences at various stages of professional development of a teacher working with children with intellectual disabilities.

The article deals with the special vocational abilities of a physical education teacher which are necessary for effective work: their physical development, physical training, competitive work, organizational abilities. The research methods that could determine special vocational abilities of a physical training teacher are reflected in the article.

Thearticledealswiththe motivational component of the professional competence. The level of development of the motivational competence of future teachers of law is researched. As the result of the research the author suggests the variants that favour the development of the motivational competence for learning and professional work.

The article deals with two main tasks regarding the development of colour perception in fine arts teaching. The first task aims at the ability to see tone and colour correlation, the second aims at the ability to transfer the light environment to subjects. The author analyzes the paintings of future designers in the process of fine arts mastering.

The article deals with the aspects of self-actualization potential of students in small towns and big cities. The objective of the research is to determine sociocultural identity of people in small towns and big cities depending of the nature of achievement motivation. The diagnostic tools are the methodologies: “Personal and social identity” by A.A. Urbanovich, “Achievement motivation tests” by A. Mekhrabian modified by M.Sh. Magomed-Eminov. As the result, four groups were determined: the first subgroup students (positive factors of sociocultural identity and the motivation of success) are characterized by a high level of self-actualization signs; the second subgroup students (positive factors of sociocultural identity and the motivation of avoidance of failures) are characterized by a middle level of self-actualization signs and some lower signs; the fourth subgroup students are characterized by the negative sociocultural identity and some signs of the motivation of avoidance of failures, and the prevalence of low and self-actualization signs. The correlation of the motivation of achievement and the negative sociocultural identity of the third group students has not been found out.

The authors prove the necessity of the differentiated approach to the vocational and personal orientation according to its types and features. The research of students’ vocational views showed that the respondents of different types of orientation aim at various objects, and their notions of them also differ. The information can be used in future teachers training.

The article deals with the issue of preschool teachers’ readiness to work in the conditions of inclusive education. The results of the research of psychological and pedagogic readiness of preschool teachers to work in the conditions of inclusive education are given; the analysis of awareness of disabled children is carried out. The reasons that prevent from creating the inclusive educational environment at a preschool educational institution are found out.

The article deals with the technological and essential features of the process of teachers’ self-education at a medical higher school based on coach teaching methods that include the action method, the knowledge management method, coaching in mastering the course of further training in the Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University. The article represents the results of the process of teachers’ self-education based on the subjective, normative and individual and variable criteria.

The system of additional vocational foreign language education is a mobile element of the system of education which allows using it as a tool for development of the subjective position of course listeners. With the aim to develop listeners’ subjective position, the article represents the principle of multipurpose exercises priority, and a set of tasks for development of the subjective position is described.

The article deals with the basic categories of the elevated style and the tactics to implement them: 1) techniques that help to avoid the associations that do not correspond to the idea of the beautiful; 2) various types of amplification that make speech ample. The techniques of the elevated pronunciation style form a system that is integrated into the mechanism of elevating. Such techniques are slow speech tempo, as well as the xenization of pronunciation by means of orthoepic borrowings from culturally prestigious languages.

The article deals with the changes in colloquial speech and colloquial style in the last few decades: widening of the communicative space of informal communication by means of Internet communication, changes in the vocabulary of colloquial speech, intensification of language pun and stylistic contrasts.

The article deals with the issue of correlation of the perceptual and the rational in language. Perception of both oral and written speech is based on the sensory perception of the rhythmic picture of this or that speech extract. The authors assume that the rhythm is of the primary importance for speech perception. The research results may be used as the foundation for elaboration of foreign language teaching methods that take into consideration the system correlation of the perceptual and the rational.

The article deals with the features of the use of precedent names in private letters of V.P. Astafiev. The variety of precedent onyms used by the writer is described. The author determines the language means that implement the figurative meaning of the onym, as the result the name has the features of a precedent unit. The specifics of the use of precedent names in epistolary texts are found out.

The article deals with the term “nickname”, its definition and use in anthroponomical researches, as well as in lexicographic sources. The author uses the results of interpretations of the notion “unofficial proper name” taken by the author in some towns and villages of the Crimea.

The article deals with the modern condition and sources of the dialect of the Romanovka village, Olkhovsky district, investigated in the course of the ethnolinguistic expedition in 2016. The phonetic and grammar signs of the dialect, as well as the historical information allow the conclusion that the first settlers arrived in Romanovka in 1824-1826 from the Krutitsa village, Mosalsky Uyezd, Kaluga Province. The authors point out the steadiness of the Russian folk dialect at the territory of later settling.

The article deals with one of the dialects of the Zavolzhsky group which is widely spread in the Belyaevka village, describes its difference from the dialects of the same group spread at the territories of Krasny Yar, Cherebaevo, Belokamenka. The characteristics of the basic dialects are given; the phonetic and grammar features are described. The material of the dialectological expedition allows the statement that this dialect belongs to the group of the assimilated ones.

The article deals with the phonetic features of “subsidiary” clattering dialects of the Volgograd region and “maternal” Meshchersky dialects of the Penza region. The basic phonetic features and difference are described.

The article deals with the categories of dialectisms used by B.P. Ekimov in his creative works. Their basic functions are determined; the notion “dialectological dominating unit” is introduced. The relations of the meaning features of the dialect units and the author’s idea, their role in the verbal characteristics of personages are researched.

The article deals with the issue of equivalence of translation of the title in the translingual literature. The story “The Admiralty Spire” by V. Nabokov is in the focus of research. The central image introduced in the title accumulates many sense potentials, first of all, of allusion character, that are not included into the hermeneutic circle of readers of other nations. The analysis of semantic relations of the original and translated variants of the title with the author’s conception of the text is of special interest.

The article deals with the concepts of the fictional discourse. The fiction text is regarded as a complicated structural phenomenon which includes the individual author’s concepts. The methods used in the work are concordance, frequency dictionary, techniques of sense crystallization.

The article deals with the formation of words derived from onomatopoeic stems in the German language. The author proves a high level of productivity of prefix and suffix use in this lexical group of words. The most productive prefixes, semi-prefixes, suffixes and semi-suffixes are found out.

The vocabulary of the Vienna dialect consists of a number of lexical units of various status and origins and represents an open and constantly developing system. The article gives the characteristics of the basic features of the Vienna dialect and describes the following way to enrich its vocabulary: word formation, change of the word meaning, loanwords, formation of dialectical phraseological units.

The article deals with the Chinese four-morpheme phraseological units “chengyu” with the aim to find out their structural and grammar features. The author examines the possible models of chengyu, which are built according to the subject-predicate, predicate-object, attributive, predicate-complement and composing type of syntactic relation.

The article deals with the interrelationship between lexical and syntactic aspects of unstable compounds as a specific realization of colligational and collocational idiomaticity in English speech. The authors share the results of research of the linear structure of lexical units, syntactic relations between the components, and their lexical meaning.

The English context of the creative work of N.V. Gogol is analyzed from the position of imagology in this article. The historical and cultural connotations of the English realities in the works by this writer are found out; the correlation of the stereotypes of the national mind and author’s perception of the image of England in the poetics by Gogol is described.

The article deals with the eschatological implication in the early works by N.V. Gogol, reveals the position of the generic world in the work “Evenings on a Farm Near Dikanka” between two opposite threats: chthonic and sociocultural. The author states their connection with the figurative system of prosaic genres of the Slavic folklore and the Ukrainian folk thoughts.

The article deals with the features and structural meaning of the introductory and final parts of a fiction text. The origins of the compositional frame in folk texts and its evolution in fiction literature are traced. The cases of omission of the introduction and conclusion in various literary genres, the borders and basic functions of the compositional frame in lyrics and in prose are analyzed in the article.

The article deals with the devices of personage introduction in fictional texts through the prism of content aspects and the linguistic devices of various kinds. The empiric basis for the analysis is an English children’s literary tale by a postmodern writer Roald Dahl “Matilda”.

The article deals with the language features of the individual style of a German writer Wilhelm Raabe in his story „Die Chronik der Sperlingsgasse”. The most frequent figures of speech used by the writer are repetition, separation, parenthesis, inversion, rhetoric question, appeal; they fulfil the artistic and aesthetic and pragmatic functions.

The article represents the linguopoetic analysis of the fictional, compositional and verbal devices of the introduction of the image of Scarlett O’Hara in the novel by M. Mitchell “Gone with the Wind”. The article proves high importance of the primary image of the character from the view of its further development in the novel.

The article deals with the historiosophicalaspects of the issue of cooperation of the eastern and western cultural components in the Russian historical mind. The philosophic comprehension of the Russian history is based on the works by both domestic thinkers of the end of XIX -beginning of the XX centuries and by modern historians, political experts and social philosophers. The issue of the search for “the Russian way” in history and culture is urgent for the domestic and foreign social and classical knowledge.

The article deals with the features of stress markers of representatives of the middle Sarmatian period. The bone remains as the source for research originate from the kurgan burials at the Lower Volga region and Lower Don. The method of paleopathological investigation elaborated by A.P. Buzhilova(1995, 1998)was used to carry out the paleopathological analysis.

The article deals with the information concerning the history of the Lower Volga region described in the travel notes by Academician N.Y. Ozeretskovsky who visited the region in 1782-1783. The historic legends about Peter I are firstly described in this diary; they were widely spread among the local inhabitants at the end of XVIII-XIX centuries. The documentary materials of the travel of N.Y. Ozeretskovsky prove the date of origins of these historiographic plots as 1780s.

The article gives the analysis of the economic life in the Teplovsky estate of I.I. Vorontsov-Dashkov in the 1880-1890s. On the basis of the archival materials the author examines the issues of crop rotation, differentiation of growing cultures, profitability of husbandry. The conclusion is made concerning the efficient transfer of the estate from socage and quitrent economy to a big agricultural enterprise of the Lower Volga region.

The article is based on the documentary sources and specialized literature; it deals with the issues of organization and development of the sanitary service in Dagestan in 1920-1930s. The author pays special attention to the issue of treatment for infectious diseases, especially malaria. A special role of the Dagestan Tropical University, opened in 1928, is noted in the process of infectious diseases treatment.

The article deals with the historiography of the issue of the use of special contingent labour in restoration of the Stalingrad region in 1943-1950. The notion “special contingent” is defined, the historiographic stages, their key characteristics, set of problems considered at the all-Russia and the regional levels are determined.