The article deals with the development of the agricultural production in South Ossetia during the Great Patriotic War. It describes the potential of the agricultural development of the region achieved by the beginning of the 1940s as the result of the collectivization process, highlights its inconsistency. The main activities of the party and state leadership regarding the collective farms are under consideration; its practical results are analyzed. The importance of the individual labor initiative of rural workers of South Ossetia in the process of achieving higher production indicators is emphasized. It states the labor feat of the people of South Ossetia, who managed not only to ensure the preservation of the organizational structure of the agricultural production in the most difficult conditions of war, but also to achieve its positive dynamics.