The article presents the comparison and analysis of the verbs with the meaning of meeting in the Russian and Chinese languages against the background of the lexical typology of the semantic components “space”, “symmetry” and “regularity”. Compared to Russian, the Chinese language has more transitive verbs with the meaning of meeting. Besides, the spheres of collectification of some particular verbs in the two languages do not coincide, in translation the Russian verb “встречаться” corresponds not only to the verb 相遇, but also to many other verbs.

The article deals with the expression of the instrumental meaning in the Russian and Chinese languages. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the syntactic position of the instrumental meaning expression in the two languages. The author analyzes the place of the instrumental meaning expression in the Russian and Chinese languages from the cognitive point of view and considers the features of world cognition and the way of thinking of the Russian and Chinese peoples by means of the approach based on the background and figure, and the attentional approach. According to the method of expression of the instrumental meaning, it is clear that the Russian language emphasizes the logical order of abstraction, and Chinese - the chronological sequence of the reality.

The article deals with the correlation between complementation and fusion of cognitive linguistics and linguistic typology. The cognitive linguistics provides a theoretical guidance and technical support mainly in five aspects. The linguistic typology as an important applied field provides evidence of cross-language facts. With the development and integration of two sections of linguistics there is a new direction of language research - cognitive-oriented typology.