The article deals with the activities of the party and Soviet authorities and administration in Cossack districts suffering from the famine of 1921-1922. The causes and consequences of hunger, the forms and methods of struggle are found out, the evaluation of involvement of church and foreign charity organizations in elimination of famine consequences is given.

The article deals with the events in the Khopersky and Ust-Medveditsky regions in the period of peaceful development of the revolution, of the period of February 1917 - April 1918. The article describes the specific features of the region under consideration. The reason for its strategic importance in the Civil War is given.