There is researched the issue of evolution of the semantic language system. There is considered the play with notions of plants. There are analyzed the words “дерево”, “цветок” and “роза” in the Russian language, “ağac”, “gül”, “qızılgül” in the Azerbaijani language, which makes it possible to state that these concepts have common semes for development in these languages. A greater symbolic meaning is given to the names of some particular trees and flowers in the world picture of the Russian and Azerbaijani people.