There are analyzed the prevalent types of faults and crimes committed by peasants in the Saratov province after the abolition of serfdom, as well as the roles of the officials in finding the verdict. There is noted the legal procedure, its local peculiarities, as well preventive measures as the way of fight with peasant delinquencies. There are regarded the law realities consisting in combination of the official legislation and the norms of peasants’ law.