The article deals with the features of the organization of evacuation of children in rear areas of the country after the beginning of the Great Patriotic War. It shows the role of the central and local authorities in planning and carrying out this work, describes the changes concerning the Soviet legislation in the sphere of childhood protection. Special attention is paid to the processes of saving children from war-torn Stalingrad.

The article deals with the main forms of organization of educational work in the state educational institutions of the Stalingrad region in the final stage of the Great Patriotic War. It shows the successes and achievements,as well as some challenges in the process of restoration and organization of work of schools and kindergartens in the city.

The article deals with the basic forms of organization of educational work in orphanages of the Stalingrad region at the final stage of the Great Patriotic War. The achievements and success are described, as well as some difficulties in the process of revival of the system of state tutorial institutions.

There are considered the basic forms of social support of orphans in the Stalingrad region in the years of the Great Patriotic War. Special attention is paid to the forms of interaction of industrial enterprises and collective farms of the region with children’s boards of guardians. There is shown the role of the Komsomol in this work.

There are considered the main measures of the Soviet government and legislations of the first years of the war directed to support families, protect under-aged people’s rights and help the children left without parental care. Special attention is paid to the changes of the legislative base and implementation of resolutions in the Stalingrad region. There is shown the role of public organizations in solving these issues.