The article deals with the cognitive and pragmatic aspect of the use of phrasemes in the poem by S. Yesenin “Anna Snegina”. Objectifying the range of information not only of the rational but also of the emotional character, phraseological units are involved in creating the cohesion of the image of a character, verbalize a fragment of the conceptual sphere of the narrator and other characters, and thus the conceptual sphere of the author of the poem.

The analysis of the role of phraseological units in verbalization of emotions in a private letter by the example of the epistolary works by M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin revealed the methods of phraseological objectivity of emotions: interjection, usual and contextually emotive, occasional and verbal phraseological units, and the phraseological units participating in the complex objectivity of emotions.

There are analyzed the letters by S.A. Yesenin, which helps to choose the parameters of the communicative situation “private letter” that reflect the specificity of the situation and the text of the letter as the result of sender’s speech work.