There is considered the aspect of historiography of the German musicologist Carl Dahlhaus (1928 - 1989) that he called “methodological pluralism”. There is shown the groundlessness of Dahlhaus’s accusation in empiricism of his approach that is in reality conditioned by sense variability of the research issue and the controversy with Marxist musicology. There is noted the proximity of historiographic methodology of Dahlhaus and the tendencies to changes in views on science that took place in the West in the 1960 - 1970s.