Based on the material of the Don dialects the article deals with the figurative comparisons in the Full Dictionary of Folk Phraseology. The methods of dictionary formulation of dialect comparisons at the wide background of the national phraseology are under consideration, which allows clarifying their status as regionalisms, reflecting their specific nature at the level of semantics and their figurative structure. It presents the examples of dictionary entries, the block and core principle of the material structure.

The article deals with the concept of the lexical representation of aphorisms taking into consideration the functioning of famous expressions in modern speech and media texts. By the example of the regionally marked expression “We are Pskov”, the author proves the potential of the structural and semantic transformations of aphorisms, their new semantic nuances, the dynamics of situational characteristics as reflected in dictionary entries.

The article deals with the concept of a Consolidated dictionary of popular phraseology, which brings together the materials of the domestic phraseological sources of the XIX-XXI centuries and the new phraseology recorded by authors in speaking and Internet communications. The features of macro- and microstructure of the dictionary, the potential of reflection of the evolution of the cultural background of phraseological units are described in the article.

The article deals with the slang lexicon of the Pskov youth. The modern slang material is analyzed on the background vocabulary materials of the 2006. Special attention is paid to the informal urban toponyms and anthroponyms- individual and collective nicknames. The causes of deactualizationof some nominative units are described;the new objects of the category of slang and ways of formation of new regional slang words are represented in the article.

The article deals with the ways to represent Russian colloquial speech and youth slang to foreigners in reference books and dictionaries for various educational levels and specializations. The author describes the conception of minimization of slang vocabulary and its inclusion in the process of teaching Russian at the preparatory faculty with the aim to optimize the adaptation process for foreign students in the youth society.

There is considered the regional slang of various types and the cases of their use in Russian speech of foreign students. There is shown the potential of linguistic cultural commentary of slang words and official urbanonyms, emphasized the necessity of correction work aimed at the use of similar literary words instead of regional slang words.

On the basis of the example of the category of subjective modality there is suggested the author’ conception of lexicographic representations of the functional and semantic categories. There are considered the principles of ideographic scheme development, shown the structure of a dictionary entry. Special attention is paid to the specificity of a learner’s dictionary of functional and semantic categories addressed to foreign students who learn the Russian language.