The article deals with the referential aspect of the language picture of the world (the ratio of culture and language, as well as the functions of a linguistic image). The types of metaphors (landscape, zoomorphic, phytomorphic, sociomorphic, military, metaphors of everyday life - gastronomy and clothes) are studied on the material of the Polish, Russian, English and French languages.

The article deals with the nominative features of verbalization of the world picture in the Don dialect. It touches upon the basic thematic zones of nomination, the aspect of motivation of the direct (inner form) and figurative (figurative comparison) notions, correlation of the dialect and the literary language (transition of dialectisms into the colloquial style of the literary language).

The article deals with the modern condition and sources of the dialect of the Romanovka village, Olkhovsky district, investigated in the course of the ethnolinguistic expedition in 2016. The phonetic and grammar signs of the dialect, as well as the historical information allow the conclusion that the first settlers arrived in Romanovka in 1824-1826 from the Krutitsa village, Mosalsky Uyezd, Kaluga Province. The authors point out the steadiness of the Russian folk dialect at the territory of later settling.

There is represented the score description of a sentence - the analysis of 8 out of 12 aspects. There are considered the sentence aspects, the sequence of sentence characteristics, suggested the extension of the logical and syntactic analysis of a sentence as applied to the denotation, signification, referent and name.

There are considered the issues of cognitive modeling (based on the material of Slavic metaphoric models).