There are given the research results of speech communication peculiarities of preschool age family deprived orphans. The facts are received in the course of the organized inmate communication observation in a special (correction) children's home with adults and the same age children. The main communication characteristics are substantial assessment of children's statements, as well as the level of personal, cognitive and practical communicative motives. There is made an attempt to comprehend the reasons of violent forms of interpersonal communication by the mentioned category of children.