In the theoretical and pedagogical, historical and pedagogical aspects there are considered the interpretations of the category “virtuous life” in the pedagogy by V.V. Zenkovsky.

There is considered the providential idea of education in the domestic humanistic pedagogic thought of the XI - end of the XVII centuries. There is concluded that in the Old Russian pedagogic mind the providential idea of a person had a humanistic character and in that form it influenced the goals, principles of education and in general the development of the Old Russian pedagogic thought.

There is considered the providential idea of education in the pedagogical doctrine of Russian philosopher N.F.Fedorov. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the influence of divine predetermination idea on the character of education, setting the object and purposes of education, as well as determination of content of education in the pedagogical doctrine of N.F.Fedorov.