In the context of the Russian historical tradition based on the articles by P.N. Milyukov, published in the collection “From the History of the Russian Intellectuals”, the article presents the analysis of his views on the sources and origins of Russian liberalism.

The article deals with the views on charity and philanthropy of such major religious denominations as Christians (Catholics, Orthodox, including old believers, Protestants), Muslims and Jews. Their common features and differences are under consideration.

Based on the source and historiographic analysis, the article deals with the date of the founding of the village of Prishyb (Leninsk town of the Volgograd region). The events associated with its settlement and the original centre of the historical settlement are under consideration in the article.

Based on the scientific comparison of the notions “medieval town”, “town of Don Cossacks” and “fortress”, there are marked out their distinctive features and peculiarities as the types of historic settlements of the XVI-XVII centuries at the outskirts of the Moscow state.

There is criticized the one-sided approach in evaluation of the place and the role of the Soviet period in the history of the Russian state. There is suggested the possible way of overcoming this approach in the paradigm of industrial civilization development.

There is analyzed the origin and development of the international law about keeping and protection of architectural cultural heritage