There is considered the process of cultural genesis of the population of the Volga-Don region in the period of the Middle Bronze. There are traced the regional peculiarities of the cultural dynamics of the population of the region. There are analyzed the factors that influenced the formation of the sociocultural map of the territory of Nizhny Volga region and Volga-Don interfluves.

There is considered the investigation history of the range of problems of the Bronze Age in Nizhniy Povolzhye. There is suggested the periodization of development of scientific archaeological thinking in the region, traced the processes of establishment of scientific archaeological schools in Nizhniy Povolzhye , oriented at the Bronze Age study. There are given the main scientific works of teachers, post graduate students and students of Volgograd State Social and Pedagogical University in the area of issues of the Bronze Age of Nizhniy Povolzhye.

There are suggested the results of the explorations of Vodyansky settlement in 2010, which is an archaeological monument of the Golden Horde, situated near Dubovka of the Volgograd region. The period of its existence is the XI - beginning of the XV century.

Vodyansky settlement is a monument of federal significance. It is situated near Dubovka town in Volgograd region and is one of the most interesting monuments of the Golden Horde. In archeological literature the ancient settlement is usually associated with the Golden Horde town Beldzhamen. There is traced and analysed the history of this monument study.