There is analyzed the survey carried out among Russian higher schools teachers that shows the influence of various factors on the level of teachers’ professional autonomy. The research shows that the level of the autonomy mastered by teachers mostly depends on their professional autonomy as the integral complex of inner factors.

There is considered the potential of practical implementation of autonomic oriented approach in the educational environment of modern Russian higher schools. There are described and analyzed the factors of sociocultural, academic and personal character that can influence both positively and negatively on academic freedom of a higher school and on formation and development of autonomy of subjects of educational process.